All diagnostics

Distress Radar

ProBankruptcy risk from five balance-sheet ratios

Edward Altman's Z-Score weights five balance-sheet ratios into one number. Below 1.81 is the distress zone; above 2.99 is safe. It reads a balance sheet, not a business. Not investment advice.

How it works

Five ratios, each measuring a different way a balance sheet can fail: short-term liquidity, cumulative profitability, operating productivity, the equity cushion over debt, and asset turnover. Edward Altman weighted them against a sample of manufacturers that went bankrupt in the 1960s.

The weighted sum is the Z-Score. Under 1.81 is distress, 1.81 to 2.99 is grey, above 2.99 is safe. This list runs worst first.

Z = 1.2·WC/TA + 1.4·RE/TA + 3.3·EBIT/TA + 0.6·MV/TL + 1.0·Sales/TA

When it misleads

It was fitted to 1960s manufacturers. Asset-light software companies and banks routinely score in the distress zone while being in no danger at all, because the model has nowhere to put intangible value.

A low Z describes a balance sheet. It does not predict a bankruptcy. Treat it as a question worth answering, not an answer.

Today’s runrun 2026-09-08549 ranked of 616

This screen ranks the most fragile names first, so we don’t publish its list — naming companies as distressed on a public page isn’t something a screening model should do on its own. What today’s run found, in aggregate:

Distress zone132
Grey zone95
Safe zone322
The ranked list is members-onlyMembers see every name this screen scored, all 549 of them, with each ratio behind the score. Sign up free and you can read the middle of the list; a paid plan opens the whole thing.Create a free account

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